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BerandaUNEK-UNEKArtikelSejarah Hari Kebebasan Sedunia Dan Hubungannya Dengan Indonesia

Sejarah Hari Kebebasan Sedunia Dan Hubungannya Dengan Indonesia

Moderatpers.com – Hari kebesan sedunia yang diperingati setiap 09 November merupakan hari yang sarat akan peristiwa penting. Di mana 32 tahun lalu, penjajahan dan konflik antar negara bahkan dalam rumpun yang sama juga masih dirasakan kala itu. Salah satunya terpecahnya Jerman Timur dan Jerman Barat.

Terbelahnya kedua sisi ini, tidak bisa dipungkiri adalah hasil persetujuan dari pihak pemenang pada perang Dunia – II. Pasca perang Dunia II ini, terjadi juga perang dingin antara Amerika Serikat dan Uni Soviet.

Perselisihan dua negara ini dalam memperebutkan pengakuan dunia berlangsung selama 10 tahun, sehingga menimbulkan dampak yang besar terhadap dunia termasuk Indonesia.

Dampak yang muncul di Indonesia diantaranya, munculnya perbedaan sistem ekonomi-politik pada periode orde lama dan orde baru. Selain itu, ekonomi yang ada di Indonesia mengalami keterpurukan yang disebabkan oleh perang dingin.

Akibatnya, banyak rakyat yang semakin sengsara. Bahkan, paham-paham baru seperti liberalisme, sosialisme dan komunisme berkembang pesat di Indonesia dan di seluruh belahan dunia.

Selama perang politik, ideologi, dan militer antara Amerika Serikat (Blok Barat) dan Uni Soviet (Blok Timur) terjadi, Uni Soviet membebaskan negara-negara Eropa timur dari pendudukan Nazi Jerman. Tetapi, setelah pembebasan itu, Uni Soviet menancapkan pengaruh komunisnya di negara-negara tersebut.

Setelah melalui beberapa dekade, dunia digemparkan oleh runtuhnya tembok Berlin yang tercatat dalam sejarah telah berdiri kokoh selama 28 tahun. Sebuah tembok besar yang dibangun untuk memisahkan antara barat dan timur, yang diberi simbol “Tembok Berlin”. Simbol tersebut menunjukkan adanya perang dingin antara pihak kediktatoran dan pihak demokrasi.

Kelompok diktator mendesain sekeliling Tembok Berlin dengan beton dan kawat yang berduri dengan penjagaan ketat sepanjang 155 km dari perbatasan yang dilengkapi dengan menara jaga, pos senapan mesin dan lampu sorot.

Lalu, sepanjang 40 kilometer temboknya dilapisi oleh dua dinding yang dijaga pengawas, anjing penjaga, lampu sorot dan senapan. Hal ini membuat kehidupan dari kedua sisi yang terpisahkan mengalami roda kehidupan yang berbeda.

Jerman Barat hidup dengan aman dan bebas di bawah penjagaan ketat oleh komunis yang berjaga di perbatasan Tembok Berlin. Sedangkan, Jerman Timur hidup dengan penuh tekanan, berharap suatu hari nanti bisa menjangkau daerah Jerman Barat.

Setelah lama berseteru, pada malam tanggal 09 November 1989, tembok Berlin roboh. Asal mulanya adalah terpecahnya Uni Soviet serta penerapan sejumlah reformasi liberal yang dilakukan oleh Jerman Timur.

Kemudian, dalam sekejap, warga Jerman Barat dan Jerman Timur berbaur menjadi satu dan saling berpelukan melepas keresahan bersama setelah terpisahkan, dan merayakan kemenangan di akhir pekan yang diikuti oleh lebih dari 2 juta penduduk dari Jerman Barat dan Timur.

Perayaan itu kemudian dikenal dengan “Pesta jalanan terbesar sepanjang sejarah”, dan menjadi cikal bakal di tetapkannya sejarah hari kebebasan sedunia, karena menjadi simbol kebebasan yang terus dikenang hingga kini.

Selain itu, runtuhnya Uni Soviet merupakan berakhirnya perang dingin dan mengurangi kecemasan dunia akan adanya perang dunia III. Dampak lainnya adalah banyak negara komunis yang berubah menjadi negara demokrasi, di mana Jerman mendapatkan posisinya sebagai negara kesatuan di tengah Eropa.

 

 

Penulis :Alfi Maghfiroh

Editor : Rokhimatul Inayah

462 KOMENTAR

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