Beranda UNEK-UNEK Menurunnya Eksistensi Koran sebagai Media Komunikasi Masa Kini

Menurunnya Eksistensi Koran sebagai Media Komunikasi Masa Kini

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Menurunnya Eksistensi Koran sebagai Media Komunikasi Masa Kini

ModeratPers – Dalam era digital yang semakin maju, koran sebagai media komunikasi tradisional menghadapi tantangan besar dalam mempertahankan eksistensinya. Perkembangan teknologi dan perubahan perilaku konsumen telah menyebabkan penurunan signifikan dalam penggunaan koran sebagai sumber informasi utama.

Dilansir dari kompasiana.com, Media cetak merupakan salah satu saluran komunikasi yang cukup efektif dalam penyampaian informasi. Menurut indonews.com tahun 2018, karya jurnalistik berbentuk cetak adalah yang tertua di dunia. Media cetak pertama di dunia adalah yang dituliskan diatas papan bernama Acta diurna, pertama kali muncul pada 131 SM pada masa Republik Romawi. Media cetak memiliki berbagai bentuk, contohnya berupa koran, majalah, tabloid, dan lain-lain.

dengan media online. Media cetak sekarang banyak ditinggalkan para pembacanya akibat perkembangan teknologi digital. Perkembangan teknologi informasi ini telah mengubah bentuk media dari singlemedia menjadi multimedia. Sekarang, pembaca lebih memilih budaya watching dibandingkan reading.

Melihat fenomena ini, bagaimana cara media cetak mengambil perannya kembali untuk tetap memposisikan dirinya sebagai saluran penyampaian informasi? Bagaimana cara mempertahankan media cetak agar tetap menjadi perhatian konsumen?

Menurut Kusuma (2016) menjelaskan media cetak dari segi jumlah bertambah tetapi dari segi pembaca telah mengalami penurunan yang cukup signifikan. Data dari BPS menunjukkan masyarakat berumur 10 tahun ke atas yang membaca surat kabar sebesar 23,0 %. Tahun 2006 berkurang menjadi 0,3%. Kemudian turun drastis tahun 2009 menjadi 18,4% dan pada tahun 2012 turun lagi sampai sebesar 17 %. Hal ini jelas dalam konteks pembaca dan pasar maka media cetak makin berkurang dan tentu saja lama-kelamaan media cetak ini bisa mengalami gulung tikar.

Eksistensi media cetak di tengah media online

Masyarakat Indonesia saat ini tetap bertahan dengan media cetak, sementara masyarakat luar sudah berpindah ke arah digital. Adanya jaringan internet telah mengubah cara orang menggunakan media bahkan di seluruh dunia. Perubahan bentuk penyampaian pesan dari cetak menjadi online berdampak pada masa depan media itu sendiri.

Bergesernya kebiasaan pembaca untuk mengonsumsi media dengan menggunakan koneksi internet dan mulai meninggalkan media cetak menjadi ancaman tersendiri bagi eksistensi media cetak. Penerbitan tabloid, koran dan semacamnya itu menjadi semakin sulit karena kebiasaan membaca orang yang sudah berubah.

Andoko (dalam Kusuma, 2016) menjelaskan apalagi ketika harga kertas semakin mahal dan industri media cetak menjadi semakin sulit untuk bertahan, pilihan bagi media cetak mau tak mau harus mentransformasi diri untuk ikut menguasai dan beradaptasi dengan perkembangan teknologi digital yang ada.

Keunggulan media cetak dari perspektif psikologi

Jika membandingkan koran atau surat kabar dengan media online maka berita yang disajikan dari koran bisa terbilang masih bisa dipertanggungjawabkan karena pembuatannya pun melalui proses editing kepada tim redaksi. Sedangkan media online, agak sulit dipertanggung jawabkan karena masih banyak juga yang belum memahami kode etik jurnalistik, sehingga dapat memungkinkan terjadinya kesalahan penyedia informasi. Media cetak dianggap lebih mampu mencegah informasi yang tidak layak serta menyajikan berita secara lebih akurat.

Meskipun eksistensi koran sebagai media komunikasi masa kini telah menurun, bukan berarti koran tidak lagi memiliki peran yang penting. Koran cetak masih menjadi sumber informasi yang andal bagi beberapa kelompok pembaca, seperti generasi yang lebih tua atau mereka yang menikmati pengalaman membaca fisik yang nyata. Selain itu, beberapa perusahaan media juga telah beradaptasi dengan mengembangkan platform online mereka sendiri untuk tetap relevan dalam era digital.

Dalam kesimpulannya, perubahan perilaku konsumen, kecepatan dan aktualitas berita, interaktivitas, keberagaman format konten, kemudahan akses, dan mobilitas adalah faktor-faktor yang telah menyebabkan menurunnya eksistensi koran sebagai media komunikasi masa kini. Dalam menghadapi tantangan ini, koran perlu terus beradaptasi dengan perkembangan teknologi dan kebutuhan pembaca untuk tetap relevan dan mempertahankan peran pentingnya dalam memberikan informasi yang berkualitas.

 

Oleh : M. Rifqy (kontributor)

 

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